SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS OF PARENTS AND ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF PUPILS IN PUBLIC PRIMARY SCHOOLS

SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS OF PARENTS AND ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF PUPILS IN PUBLIC PRIMARY SCHOOLS

TABLE OF CONTENTS

  CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION

1.1     Background to the Study

1.2     Statement of the Problem

1.3     Purpose of the Study

1.4     Significance of the Study

1.5     Research Questions

1.6     Research Hypotheses

1.7     Limitation of the Study

1.8     Delimitation of the Study

1.9     Definition of Terms

CHAPTER TWO: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

CHAPTER THREE: METHODOLOGY

3.1     Area of the Study

3.2     Research Design

3.3     Population of the Study

3.4     Sample and Sampling Technique

3.5     Instrument for Data Collection

3.6     Validation of Instrument

3.7     Administration of Instrument

3.8     Method of Data Analysis

CHAPTER FOUR: ANALYSIS OF DATA AND DISCUSSION

OF FINDINGS

4.1     Analysis of Data and Results

4.2     Discussion of Findings

CHAPTER FIVE:   SUMMARY, RECOMMENDATIONS AND

CONCLUSION

 5.1     Summary

5.2     Recommendations

5.3     Conclusion

5.4     Suggestions for Further Studies

References

Appendices

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1   Background to the Study

Parents are people who take care of a child at home. They may include aunty, uncle, sisters and other significant persons in the society ( (Livio, 2011). Parents lay the desired social, moral, emotional, spiritual and intellectual foundations for the child. According to Edwin (2010), parents include the biological father and mother as well as the foster father and mother at home which provide the basic needs of the child to the child. However, the parents at home do a lot of things to influence the life of a child among which includes socialization of a child, child care and protection, emotional and social support.

In brief, socio-economic refers to individual’s or groups’ demographic, social and economic position in relation to others. In this study, socio-economic status was measured in terms of level of education, income, interest in education, means of recreation and environment. Specifically, socioeconomic status is an economic and sociological combined total measure of a person’s work experience and of an individual’s or family’s economic and social position in relation to others, based on income, education, and occupation (Sam, 2013). Socio-economic background can also be seen as a person’s position in a given group, society or culture as determined by wealth, occupation, education and social class.

Furthermore, socio-economic state of the parents is based on the family income, parental occupation and social status in the community, group associations in which they belong. Primary schools today offer some subjects which prepares our children for future career. In an attempt to categorize there subject into broader areas.

According to Obina (2019) education is vital in human existence because the society and education are inter-related and interdependent. This can also be seen in the nature and development of a child born in a given society.

In addition, the school is like and umbrella covering children from different parental background and social status and as such children learning and the rate of academic performance is closely related to other experiences.

The child’s academic performance in school is determined by environment which the child finds him/her self. There are some certain factors which can affect the academic performance of the pupils such as social, economic, cultural and environmental factors. These factors can affect the academic performance of pupils in primary schools.

Therefore, it is a clear fact that socio-economic status of the parents can influence the academic performance of pupils in primary schools. Consequently, pupils whose parents are on high socio-economic status are liable to perform better than pupils whose parents’ socio-economic status is low.

1.2   Statement of the Problem

Indeed, education is supposed to equip individuals within the expected knowledge to live a functional life in their respective community. Thus, this perhaps informed Nigerian on her national policy on education to perceive education as instrument “per excellence”.

However, in the realization of this perception, there have been incessant poor academic performances among pupils in primary schools which are probably among pupils in primary schools which are probably caused by parental socio-economic status.

Moreover, there have been series of failure among pupils in their various examinations. Thus, this is sometimes caused by inability of the parents to meet up with their expected socio-economic status in the society.

Therefore, in a specific term, the main problem of this study is to examine the influence of socio-economic status of the parent and academic performance of pupils in public primary schools.

1.3   Purpose of the Study

The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of socio-economic status of the parents on academic performance of pupils in public primary schools in Mkpat Enin Local Government Area of Akwa Ibom State.

Specifically, the study south:

1. to examine the influence of parental occupation on pupils’ academic performance in public primary schools in Mkpat Enin Local Government Area.
2. to investigate the influence of parental income level on pupils’ academic performance in public primary schools in Mkpat Enin Local Government Area.

1.4   Significance of the Study

The finding of his study would be of immense benefit because of the following reasons:

1. The research work will assist school curriculum planners in planning of school curriculum because it will help them to recognize the principles of individual difference of parents.
2. This study is also important because it would help the parents to provide the necessary learning materials for their wards in order to foster their ward’s academic pursuit.
3. Also, this study would interpret the influence of socio-economic status of the parents and the effects on ward’s academic performance.
4. Lastly, this finding would be of great important to future researchers, who are carrying out research finding concerning the issue of socio-economic status and academic performance.

1.5   Research Questions

1. To what extent does parental occupation influence the academic performance of pupils in public primary schools?
2. To what extent does parental income level influence the academic performance of pupils in public primary schools?

1.6   Research Hypotheses

H0₁:  There is no significant influence of parental ocupaton on academic performance of pupils in public primary schools.

H0₂:  There is no significant influence of parental income level on academic performance of pupils in public primary schools.

1.7   Limitation of the Study

1. The researcher also faced challenges like inability to reach out for enough print materials since it was carried out alongside with other academic work.
2. Researcher’s other academic engagement also posed limitation.

1.9   Operational Definition of Terms

Socio-economic background: In brief, this refers to the level which parents of the child attend its academic or studies.

Parental occupation: As used in this study refers to the job done by the parents of the child.

Primary school: As used in the study refers to the foundation of education that admits pupils from two years and above.

Pupils: As used in the study refers to the group of learners in primary schools aged two to ten (2-10) years who are learning at the primary school level.

Conclusion

On the basis of this research finding, it was concluded that, parental level of education, parental occupation, as well as parental income level have great influence on the academic performance of pupils in public primary schools.

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