DEVIANT BEHAVIOURS AND LEARNING OUTCOMES IN BUSINESS STUDIES AMONG JUNIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS

DEVIANT BEHAVIOURS AND LEARNING OUTCOMES IN BUSINESS STUDIES AMONG JUNIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS

TABLE OF CONTENTS

TITLE PAGE

CERTIFICATION

DEDICATION

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

ABSTRACT

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION

1.1     Background to the Study

1.2     Statement of the Problem

1.3     Purpose of the Study

1.4     Significance of the Study

1.5     Research Questions

1.6     Research Hypotheses

1.7     Limitation of the Study

1.8     Delimitation of the Study

1.9     Operational Definition of Term

CHAPTER TWO: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH METHOD

3.1     Area of the Study

3.2     Research Design

3.3     Population of the Study

3.4     Sample and Sampling Technique

3.5     Instrument for Data Collection

3.6     Validation of the Instrument

3.7     Administration of the Instrument

3.8.    Method of Data Analysis

CHAPTER FOUR: DATA ANALYSIS, AND DISCUSSION OF FINDINGS

4.1     Data Analysis

4.2     Discussion of the Findings

CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY, RECOMMENDATIONS AND CONCLUSION

5.1     Summary

5.2     Conclusion

5.3     Recommendation

Reference

Appendix

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1     Background to the Study

The increasing rate of anti-social behaviours in the society, particularly among Nigerian youths is alarming. It has become a common phenomenon to read, hear or witness deviant behaviours among secondary school students such as lying, stealing, fighting, promiscuity, bullying, truancy, alcoholism, lack of respect for elders among others. Today, deviant behaviours among teenagers have become a thing of concern to parents, teachers and other people in the society as the problem gets more serious year by year.

In spite of the good objectives for the inclusion of social studies, civic education, religious studies etc in the school curriculum to ensure moral development of learners, the society still faces various challenges among which is deviant behaviours among the students.

Deviant behaviour according to Kendall (2019) is a behaviour that deviates from the norms of a particular people in the society or community. Crossman (2018) describes deviant behaviour as any behaviour that is contrary to the dominant norms of society.

DEVIANT BEHAVIOURS AND LEARNING OUTCOMES IN BUSINESS STUDIES AMONG JUNIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS

Deviance also means violation or drift from the accepted societal norms, especially when it comes to the social or sexual behaviours (Wikipedia, 2018). From these definitions, deviance means behaviour that violates the standards of conduct or expectations of a group or society. It implies violation of rules and norms.

From observation, deviant behaviours can negatively influence students’ academic performance due to display of some that are directly related to learning in the classroom such as cheating during examinations, lateness, truancy, fighting, causing trouble or violence, stealing, wearing dirty uniform and disobedience.

Chikwature, Oyedele and Ganyani (2023) identified cheating (60%) and fighting (40%) among others as deviant behaviours exhibited by primary school pupils. They argues further that the best a society could do in order to achieve this is to undertake application of knowledge to practical ends, through corrections, development of policies and programmes for combating crime to reform, remobilize and to treat deviants. Education is the most important tool to prevent young generation from being manipulated by this anti-social behaviours in the society.

Moreover, preventing adolescents from deviant behaviours can improve their learning progress and abilities to acquire knowledge. According to Chikwature, Oyedele and Ganyani (2016), good behaviour is essential in a school if children are to be able to fulfil their learning potential.

However, poor and disruptive behaviour in the classroom reduces children’s ability to concentrate and absorb information and it unsettles children and causes immense stress for teachers. Persistent poor behaviour in schools can have far reaching and damaging consequences for children and can limit their horizons. Deviant behaviours and learning outcomes in business studies among junior secondary school students.

Various studies had been carried out on deviant behaviours among secondary school students by several authors. In a study conducted in Zambia, Banda and Mweemba (2016) confirm prevalence of deviant behaviours such as smoking, beer drinking, fighting, class boycotts, school riots, teacher assault, general theft, students patronizing bars, late coming, wearing wrong uniform and girl/boy intimate relationship among students.

However, other identified deviant behaviours include examination malpractice, improper dressing, and rudeness, use of abusive language and destruction of school properties.

Ebontane (2016) and Ngwokabuenui (2015) also revealed disobedience to school authority, assault on teachers, violence and insubordination as indiscipline behaviours among secondary school students in Cameroun while Reid (2020) reported high rates of vandalism and insolence to staff in schools in Chicago and some other countries.

In addition, it has been observed that rise in destructive acts among students can affect the quality of teaching and learning in most schools. Agboola and Salawu (2021); Torrente and Vazsonyi (2022) were of the view that deviant behaviours negatively influence the learning and teaching process as they undermine the purpose of education.

In fact, apart from this, most of the observed deviant behaviours attract punishment can range from kneeling down, taking some strokes of the cane, suspension, manual labour among others. Such punishments waste students time and stop them from participating in learning or other classroom activities. Therefore, this research seeks to find out deviant behaviours and learning outcomes in business studies among junior secondary school students.

1.2     Statement of the Problem                                                  

Recently, the incidence of deviant behaviours among Nigerian youths has been on the increase. This has in turn resulted into many social problems in Nigerian society. The resultant problems have been of great concern, not only to parents but also to governments at all levels. Deviant behaviours among secondary school students deserve careful study as they affect their academic performance.

Moreovoer, deviant behaviours have constituted a problem that has led to student’s attrition, late arrival at school, and low academic performance.

Other related behaviours among students that are also of concern include, aggression, theft burglary, destruction of school property, truancy, rudeness and sexual harassment. Therefore, this research aimed  to examine out deviant behaviours and learning outcomes in business studies among junior secondary school students.

Also, quite often, school boys break into school offices and staff common rooms, with the intention of stealing textbooks, examination scripts and exercise books. Most of the times, these boys or children get caught, when luck elude them. Indeed, these behaviors of children affect most of them in their academic performance.

Therefore, this research seeks to find out deviant behaviours and learning outcomes in business studies among junior secondary school students.

1.3     Purpose of Study  

The main purpose of this study was to investigate deviant behaviours and learning outcomes in business studies among junior secondary school students. Specifically, the study sought to:

1. To investigate the influence of truancy on learning outcomes in business studies among junior secondary school students.
2. To determine the influence of drugs use on learning outcomes in business studies among junior secondary school students.
3. To determine the influence of stealing on learning outcomes in business studies among junior secondary school students.

  1.4   Significance of the study

This study will be of great benefits to the following people in the following ways:

1. The study will expose the students to the harmful effects of deviant on academic performance and thus serve as a cautionary measure for students.
2. Secondly, through this study students and teachers at secondary school level will know how to practically use the content of Business Studies curriculum.  Thus, to instill desirable behaviour in students, correct and remold the deviant students among them.
3. The study will serve as an important reference to researchers whowish to further study in this area

1.5     Research Questions

The following research questions were posed to guide the study;

1. To what extent does truancy influence the learning outcomes in business studies among junior secondary school students?
2. To what extent does drugs abuse influence the learning outcomes in business studies among junior secondary school students?
3. How does stealing influence the learning outcomes in business studies among junior secondary school students?

1.6   Statement of Hypotheses

The following research hypotheses were postulated to guide the study;

1. There is no significant influence of truancy on learning outcomes in business studies among junior secondary school students.
2. There is no significant influence of drugs abuse on learning outcomes in business studies among junior secondary school students.
3. There is no significant influence of stealing on learning outcomes in business studies among junior secondary school students.

1.7       Delimitation and Limitation a of the Study

This study is on deviant behaviour and the learning outcomes in business studies among junior secondary school students in the study. The study is limited to all public secondary schools in the study area and particularly to junior secondary schools.

1.8      Limitation of the Study

The researcher encountered some limitations to the scope of the study

Availability of research materials: The research material available to the researcher was insufficient, thereby limiting the study. Deviant behaviours and learning outcomes in business studies among junior secondary school students.

Time: the time frame allocated for the study could not enhance wider courage as the researcher has to combine other academic activities and examinations with the study.

Finance: the finance available for the research work could not allow wider coverage as resources were very limited as other academic bills to cover.

Operational Definition of Terms

Deviant Behaviour: Is to deviate from the norms of a particular people in the society or community

Truancy: In brief, is any intentional, unjustified, unauthorized, or illegal absence from compulsory education.

Drug Abuse: refers to the use of certain chemicals for the purpose of creating pleasurable effects on the brain.

Stealing: is an act of taking the property of another wrongfully and especially as a habitual or regular practice.

Learning: In brief, learning is the process of acquiring new, or modifying existing, knowledge, behaviors, skills, values, or preferences.

Conclusion

Based on the result of this study, it was established that truancy, drugs abuse and stealing have significant influence on students’ leaning outcomes in business studies junior secondary schools. It was also found that indecent dressing has significant influence on students’ academic performance in secondary schools.

Furthermore, the researchers have discovered that sexual immorality has significant influence on students’ academic performance in secondary schools in Benue State. If not checked, these deviant behaviours are capable of not only influencing students’ academic performance alone, but the entire school management.

Based on the findings of the study, it could be concluded that there exist deviant behaviours among junior secondary school students in Etinan Local Government Area.

However, exhibition of deviant behaviours did not affect academic performance of the students due to the high performance recorded. This implies that despite the students’ involvement in deviant behaviours, most of them still performed well.

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