ENVIRONMENTAL FACILITIES AND BASIC SCIENCE TEACHING IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS
ENVIRONMENTAL FACILITIES AND BASIC SCIENCE TEACHING IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title Page
Certification
Dedication
Acknowledgements
Table of Contents
Abstract
CHAPTER ONE – INTRODUCTION
1.1 Â Â Â Background to the Study
1.2Â Â Â Statement of the Problem
1.3Â Â Â Purpose of the Study
1.4Â Â Â Research Questions
1.5Â Â Â Significance of the Study
1.6Â Â Â Delimitation of the Study
1.7Â Â Â Limitation of the Study
1.8Â Â Â Definition of Terms
CHAPTER TWO – REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
CHAPTER THREE – RESEARCH METHODS
3.1Â Â Â Research Design
3.2Â Â Â Research Area
3.3 Â Â Population of the Study
3.4 Â Â Sample and Sampling Techniques
3.5Â Â Â Research Instrument
3.6Â Â Â Validation of Instrument
3.7 Â Â Administration of the instrument
3.8Â Â Â Method of Data Analysis
CHAPTER FOURÂ Â Â Â Â Â –Â Â Â Â Â Â PRESENTATION OF RESULT AND DISCUSSION OF FINDINGS
4.1Â Â Â Presentation of Result
4.2Â Â Â Discussion of Findings
CHAPTER FIVEÂ Â Â Â Â Â Â –Â Â Â Â Â Â SUMMARY, RECOMMENDATIONS AND CONCLUSION
5.1Â Â Â Summary
5.2Â Â Recommendations
5.3Â Â Â Conclusion
5.4Â Â Â Suggestion for further Study
References
Appendix
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Â Â Â Background to the Study
Education is an essential component of human development as it plays an important role in economic growth and development of a country. The school is an institution where children receive formal education can only carry out such function when the environment of the school is made conducive for such role. This is due to the fact that, there is a sonic interplay between the teaching process and the teaching environment. Therefore, factors within the environment should be put together to ensure effective teaching among the teachers in any given subject.
The environment is the total surrounding of the teachers and learners which encompasses the school, home, peers, and teachers among others.
However, there are several facilities within this environment which the teachers come in contact with during the process of teaching and these facilities may influence the teachers either positively or negatively depending on the relationship of the child with these facilities.
ENVIRONMENTAL FACILITIES AND BASIC SCIENCE TEACHING IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS
Therefore, environmental facilities encompass those immovable facilities and materials found in the immediate environment of the child which are used in the teaching/teaching process. These environmental facilities ranges from school environmental facilities, home environmental facilities, church environmental facilities, public environmental facilities among others.
Furthermore, the school environmental facilities include laboratory facilities, library facilities, classroom facilities, hostel facilities for those in the boarding schools among others which are needed within the school environment. Others are staff offices, instructional facilities and these facilities in some schools are observed to be lacking while in some schools they are dilapidated and need to be renovated by the government. There seems to be insufficient school facilities and this may hinder the teachers’ teaching effectiveness
Furthermore, Ajayi (2023) posited that environmental facilities refer to facilities within the reach of teacher and the learners which may influence the teaching-learning process. To Ajayi, the teacher’s role is mainly the transfer of required teaching traits to the learners in the school which these facilities within the school environment may influence the teaching of the sciences.
The school environmental facilities (like classroom facilities, library facilities, school garden, aquarium and the laboratory facilities) are those factors within the school environment which may influence the teaching effectiveness of teachers especially in secondary schools (Johnson, 2022).
Conversely, from the above assertions, it therefore seems that these facilities in the school environment could significantly influence the effective teaching of Basic Science in secondary schools.
Besides, the facilities in the classrooms, poor maintenance and ineffective utilization of these facilities lead to poor teaching and learners among the teachers and students respectively. It can also lead to lack of interest and poor motivation among the teachers in the teaching process.
In line with this, Usen (2023), asserted that the environment which the teaching takes place has contributed to the ineffectiveness in the teaching of science in secondary schools in Akwa Ibom state. He added that there should be an improvement in the construction, provision and citing of schools facilities.
The environment where some schools are sited are very uninviting especially, schools in rural areas where there are few businesses and automobiles in the environment. Environmental facilities and basic science teaching in secondary schools.
The author went further to say that the facilities in the rural areas are not enough and the few available ones are dilapidated compared to some schools in the urban areas which are built in highly busy environment where there are several facilities that encourage the teachers to teach and the students to learn.
Also, some of the schools have no recognized library for the teachers to go and read thereby putting more work on the teachers during lesson planning and delivery.
Similarly, Ekong (2021) complained that there is no science laboratory facilities and equipment in many secondary schools thereby limiting the study of sciences to theoretical discussion and teachers resorting to rote teaching.
Moreover, the other environmental conditions such as class size which is the number of students in the class influence the teaching effectiveness of the teachers in secondary schools. This therefore formed the background to the present study on environmental facilities and basic science teaching in secondary schools.
1.2Â Â Â Statement of the Problem
The growth of any nation does not only depend on her national resources, but also to a large extent, on the availability of competent personnel to explore the resources in the right kind of training opportunities, which in turn, depend on the educational system of the nation.
The junior secondary schools curriculum has been sent to schools and attempts have been made to implement it. The school is where teaching and learning takes place therefore, the environment should be conducive enough for effective teaching to occur.
Effective teaching constitutes the interaction between the teacher, learners and the facilities. However, it is known fact that the insufficiency in the number of facilities and materials within the school lead to total verbalization in the teaching of science in secondary schools.
Environmental facilities within the school such as laboratory facilities, library facilities, and playground and school garden supposed to be made available and adequate for teachers to use in the teaching of Basic Science concepts. Therefore, this study aimed to examine environmental facilities and basic science teaching in secondary schools.
1.3Â Â Â Purpose of the Study
The main purpose of this study was to investigate environmental facilities and basic science teaching in secondary schools. Specifically, the study sought to:
(i)Â Â Â Â Examine influence of laboratory facilities on Basic science teaching in secondary schools.
(ii)Â Â Â Investigate the influence of library facilities on Basic science teaching in secondary schools.
(iii)Â Â Â Investigate the influence of classroom facilities on Basic science teaching in secondary schools.
1.4Â Â Â Research Questions
The following questions were formulated to guide the study:
(i)Â Â Â Â To what extent do laboratory facilities influence Basic science teaching in secondary schools?
(ii)Â Â Â To what extent do library facilities influence Basic science teaching in secondary schools?
(iii)Â Â Â To what extent do classroom facilities influence Basic science teaching in secondary schools?
1.5Â Â Â Significance of the Study
These findings would also help the government through the Ministry of Education to provide more funds for schools for instructional materials and repair and maintenance of the available laboratory, library and classroom facilities, thus improving the teaching-learning process.
Parents may also use findings from this study to help improve the school facilities by organizing for fund raising to construct a classroom, laboratory, library among other facilities. Environmental facilities and basic science teaching in secondary schools.
Policy makers would use the findings to help them make decisions in developing strategies towards improvement of academic standards.
Future researchers would use the finding of the study in identifying priority areas and gaps on which to carry more research about public schools.
 Definition of Terms
The following are the operational definition of key terms as used in the study:
Environment: This is the total school surrounding of the teacher and learners used for the study of Basic Science.
Environmental facilities:Environmental facilities are those facilities within the school surrounding that influence the teaching-learning process. These include science laboratory facilities, library facilities and classroom facilities.
Laboratory Facilities: These are those fixed materials in the laboratory such as workbench, science equipment, laboratory buildings, teachers’ workbench and chalkboard which assist the teaching and learning of Basic Science theories and law.
Library Facilities: These are those fixed materials in the library which assist the teaching and learning of basic science examples include internet facilities, computer facilities, desk, buildings and textbooks
Classroom Facilities: These are those fixed materials in the classroom which assist the teaching and learning of basic science examples include desk, buildings and chalkboard
Teaching:This is the act of educating or instructing the learners. It is the act imparting knowledge or skills on learners.
Conclusion
From the findings of the study, there is clear indication that the environmental facilities such as library, laboratory and the classroom facilities have significant influence on teaching of Practical Biology. There exists a significant influence of environmental facilities on teaching of Basic Science. This is because the library, laboratory and classroom set-up by the school assist the teacher during the teaching learning process.
Also, environmental facilities promote learning by doing, make the Basic Science classroom lively, real, and meaningful and have the potential of making the learnt contents permanent as well as increases teaching effectiveness.
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