LOCAL RESOURCES UTILIZATION AND TEACHING OF CHEMISTRY IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS

LOCAL RESOURCES UTILIZATION AND TEACHING OF CHEMISTRY IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS

TABLE OF CONTENTS

TITLE PAGE

CERTIFICATION

DEDICATION

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

ABSTRACT

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER ONE – INTRODUCTION

1.1     Background to the Study

1.2     Statement of the Problem

1.3     Purpose of the Study

1.4     Research Questions

1.5     Significance of the Study

1.6     Delimitation of the Study

1.7     Limitation of the Study

1.8     Definition of Terms

CHAPTER TWO – REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

CHAPTER THREE – RESEARCH METHODOLOGY        

3.1     Area of the Study

3.2     Research Design

3.3     Population of the Study

3.4     Sample and Sampling Technique

3.5     Instrument for Data Collection

3.6     Validation of the Instrument

3.7     Administration of the Instrument

3.8     Scoring of the Instrument

3.9     Method of Data Analysis

CHAPTER FOUR- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION OF FINDINGS

4.1     Results Presentation

4.2     Discussion of Findings

CHAPTER FIVE – SUMMARY, RECOMMENDATIONS AND CONCLUSION

5.1     Summary

5.2     Recommendations

5.3     Conclusion

5.4     Suggestions for further Studies

References

Appendix

ABSTRACT

The study examined local resources utilization and teaching of Chemistry in secondary schools was conducted in Ikono Local Government Area. The design adopted for the study was a survey research design. A simple random sampling technique was used to select 27 respondents from the population of forty (46) Chemistry teachers in the study area. However, a questionnaire was used for data collection. Thereafter, the data generated from the instrument was analyzed using simple percentage statistics.

Therefore, the results showed that the level of availability of local resources for Chemistry teaching in secondary schools is insufficient influence the learning of the subject in secondary schools. It also revealed that chemistry teachers in secondary schools do not utilize the available local resources for teaching of the subject.

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1    Background to the Study

Chemistry is a branch of science that studies the composition, structure, properties and change of matter. As a teacher of the subject one should make use of instructional materials such as local resources for effective teaching and learning of the subject.

Local resources as seen by Akpan (2000) are those resources whose application facilitates teaching and learning. When effectively used in teaching, local resources present facts and information, across student’s interest and enthusiasm, principles and processes. It also impresses pictures and images, vividly in the mind and memories of the learners as well as help in the positive transfer of learning.

Moreover, the use of local resources in teaching-learning situation has many advantages. Furthermore, according to Abolade (2009) and Olumorin (2004), local resources are cheap materials that can be found in our environment. Local resources emphasize a feature of the environment that are most important to human survival.

In addition, elements of local resources that are normally studied include soil, water, plants, leaves, animals etc. Also, Aigbmian (2001), stated that teachers can improvise local resources in the absence of standard equipment or ready–made teaching materials.

Indeed, communication in the class as stated by Onohua (2002) is effectively impacted through the use of local resources. They help both teachers and students in the teaching and learning of Chemistry. Some experimental investigations have shown that under normal conditions incorporation local resources in the course of lesson delivery often increase the amount of learning experiences gained by the learners.

The teaching of Chemistry as maintained by Nwosu (2003) requires the use of wide variety of resources to be used. In Nigeria in general and Akwa Ibom State in particular, only few are aware of the fact that local resources are among the best learning resources  used for effective teaching of Chemistry.

Local resources according to Diamond (2007), are very familiar to both the teachers and the students. Thus, they are easy to understand and manipulate.

However, studies by Bajah (2004) have shown that there is a chronic lack of the use of those local resources in the teaching of Chemistry. Also, purchase of ready–made materials go along with many difficulties including high cost, scarcity, non-users’ friendly and difficult maintenance.

Hershel (2000) stated that there are good prospects in using local resources to teach Chemistry. One of the most important prospect is the enabling opportunity it affords us to be aware of the chronic lack of indigenous curricula contents in our science education.  Therefore, if we had enough influence demonstrations tailored toward local resources, our teachers and students would enjoy the teaching and learning of Chemistry with a high level of influence.

Another prospect is that when we use local resources to teach Chemistry, the students would actually learn what is relevant to their real and perceived needs to their local conditions. Therefore, this research study sought to investigate how the use of local resources influences the teaching of Chemistry in secondary schools in Ikono Local Government Area.

LOCAL RESOURCES UTILIZATION AND TEACHING OF CHEMISTRY IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS

Statement of the Problem

Effective use of local resources for teaching depends on the capacity of a teacher.

Despite the enormous importance of local resources in teaching generally and Chemistry concept in particular, it has been observed that, local resources, they have not been properly utilized by Chemistry teachers in most secondary schools. Consequently, the situation has been a source of concern to science educators and other science stakeholders for many decades.

Based on the above, the above problem of the study centres around:

• The availability of local resources for Chemistry teaching in secondary schools in Ikono Local Government Area.
• The utilization of available local resources for Chemistry teaching in secondary schools in Ikono Local Government Area.
• The hindrances to the utilization of local resources in teaching Chemistry

• Purpose of the Study

Generally, the study was to investigate local resources utilization and teaching of Chemistry in secondary schools in Ikono Local Government Area. Specifically, the study intended to determine:

• Determine the level of availability of local resources for Chemistry teaching in secondary schools in Ikono Local Government Area.
• Determine extent to which Chemistry teachers use the local resources in teaching Chemistry in secondary schools in Ikono Local Government Area.
• Determine the hindrances Chemistry teachers’ use of local resources in teaching Chemistry.

• Research Questions
• What is the level of availability of local resources for Chemistry teaching in secondary schools in Ikono Local Government Area?
• To what extent do Chemistry teachers in the public secondary schools in Ikono Local Government Area use available local resources?
• What are the hindrances to the teachers’ effort in the use of local resources in teaching Chemistry?

• Significance of the Study

The findings of this study will enlighten teachers on the need to use more local resources to teach Chemistry. The findings would generate more awareness to teachers on the use of local resources in teaching Chemistry  as well as challenging the school principals to ensure that teachers make room for improvised materials from the environment where   ready – made materials in Chemistry  is lacking.

Furthermore, the study would encourage students of Chemistry and other science students to embrace the use of local resources in their learning process as well as helping curriculum developers by revealing the important of local resources utilization in the teaching and learning process.

From this finding also, the study would serve as a reference point to future studies in related areas.

• Limitation of the Study

1. The period of given for the completion of this study was not enough for a wider and more in–depth research into the problem situation.
2. Lack of funds to procure necessary materials for the study and high cost of transportation in getting to sampled schools constitute some hindrances.
3. Lack of enough previous research materials in the subject was also an added constraint encountered during the course of this work.
4. The limitation of the study to one local government area will affect the generalization of the results.

• 1.8    Definition of Terms

Local Resources: These are materials found within the environment that can be used for the production of instructional materials e.g. Plastic, Rubber, Scraps.

Utilization: In brief, this implies effective use of an approach to solve problem.

Teaching: In brief, teaching is act of imparting knowledge, skills and attitude by professionals to the less experienced in an organized setting in an institution.

CONCLUSION

The findings from the study indicated that there is a need to use local instructional materials in the classroom.

Based on the findings of the study, the following conclusions were drawn:

(1)     The level of availability of local resources for Chemistry teaching in secondary schools is insufficient in Ikono Local Government Area.

(2)     Chemistry teachers in secondary schools in Ikono Local Government Area do not utilize the value of available local resources for teaching of the subject.

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