FEMALE SUBJUGATION IN MARIAMA BA’S SO LONG A LETTER AND BUCHI EMECHETA’S SECOND CLASS CITIZEN
FEMALE SUBJUGATION IN MARIAMA BA’S SO LONG A LETTER AND BUCHI EMECHETA’S SECOND CLASS CITIZEN
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Declaration
Certification
Dedication
Acknowledgements
Table of contents
Abstract
CHAPTER ONE – INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background to the Study
1.2 Statement of the Problem
1.3 Purpose of the Study
1.4 Significance of the Study
1.5 Objectives of the Study
1.6 Research Methodology
1.7 Scope and delimitation of the Study
1.8 Bio-Data of Mariama Ba
1.9 Bio-Data of Buchi Emecheta
CHAPTER TWO – REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
CHAPTER THREE -FEMALE SUBJUGATION IN SOME FEMALE WRITERS: AN EXAMINATION OF MARIAMA BA’S SO LONG A LETTER
3.1. Analysis of Mariama Ba’s So Long a Letter
3.2 Themes in Mariama Ba’s So Long a Letter
3.3 Style in Mariama Ba’s So Long a Letter
3.4 Characterization in Mariama Ba’s So Long a Letter
CHAPTER FOUR – FEMALE SUBJUGATION IN SOME FEMALE WRITERS: AN EXAMINATION OF BUCHI EMECHETA’S SECOND CLASS CITIZEN
4.1 Analysis of Emecheta’s Second Class Citizen
4.2 Themes in Emecheta’s Second Class Citizen
4.3 Style in Emecheta’s Second Class Citizen
4.4 Characterization in Emecheta’s Second Class Citizen
CHAPTER FIVE -SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 Summary
5.2 Conclusion
5.3 Recommendations
Works Cited
ABSTRACT
This research work analyses female subjugation in some female writers. An examination of Mariama Ba’s So Long a Letter and Buchi Emecheta’s Second Class Citizen. The two female writers are regarded by literary scholars and writers as great feminist writers. Because their novels exposed female subjugation in African societies and how these female folks are subjugated, dominated, oppressed. Due to their genders. The study also shows that African women are subjected to oppression and discrimination. And how they are marginalized within the family they are married as examine in the novels studied in the work.
The study further explores African women’s subjugation in terms of family inheritance, delay of childbearing which consequently reduces their respects and positions as wives at the same time oppressed, dominated and subjugated by the interventions of family members.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background to the Study
Traditionally, African women have experienced low status of subjugation, oppression, cultural domination and patriarchal suppression. Looking at female subjugation as portrayed by Mariama Ba and Buchi Emecheta. African women are subjected to oppression and discrimination. Due to some obnoxious practices that favours the male folks and discriminates the female and how they are marginalized within the patriarchal African society.
These female writers also examine women’s condition in terms of family inheritance, delay of childbearing which consequently reduces their respects and positions as wives at the same time oppressed, dominated and subjugated due to some cultural norms and interventions of family members.
Moreover, Unlike Mariama Ba the Senegalese well-known female writer who examines the effects of religious and traditional practices on women not only on the basis of her commonalities with her elite contemporaries, but also in relation to the majority of her country women, as well as women in other societies, she exposes the empowering and dis-empowering effects of particular types of education for women in the traditional African- Muslim context of Senegal.
On the other hand, the Nigerian widely recognized leading female writer, Emecheta has also attracted international attention for her compelling depiction of the female experience in Nigeria and African society as a whole with relation to cultural discrimination on the bases of race and gender. Her writings also examine the roles that women, especially mothers, play in the in their marital homes when they fails to give birth to children especially male one; they always go through pains with those female children.
Consequently, the degree of suffering of the girl-child at the hands of African society is often, directly responsible for the kind of cultural practices.
FEMALE SUBJUGATION IN MARIAMA BA’S SO LONG A LETTER AND BUCHI EMECHETA’S SECOND CLASS CITIZEN
1.2 Statement of the Problem
Mariama Ba and Buchi Emechita are feminist writers whose writings expose the era of women deprivation, subjugation and oppression about men discrimination against and forcing them to do what they do not want to do all because of their gender in African societies. Their writings go with all areas of life which can be politically, economically, socially and domestically.
Their literary works advocates for the eradication of female subjugation, women’s deprivation of right in the society politically, economically and socially.
Similarly, these female writers use their fictional characters to capture the lives of African women in the society as victims of cultural oppression. Powerless and voiceless victims of subjugation rooted in layers of male-supremacist tradition. Their writings therefore reveal the above mentioned issues affecting them and call on the attention by eradicating how these women go through subjugation, deprivation and victimization in the society.
1.3 Purpose of the Study
The main purpose of this study research project is to investigate the effects of female subjugation in some female writers using Mariama Ba’s So Long a Letter and Buchi Emecheta’s Second Class Citizen. This research will also discuss the origin of female subjugation, causes of female subjugation and the effects of female subjugation in African society.
1.4 Significance of the Study
The significance of this research work will be on the benefits to the entire African society. How women are suffering of subjugation. The study will also be significant to students of English and Literary studies. As well as other researchers who may want to investigate more on the history of female writers. Also, how they write on the effects of female subjugation in African societies.
1.5 Objectives of the Study
This research aims at examining the following objectives:
- to analyse the effects of female subjugation in the lives of the female characters in Mariama Ba’s So Long A Letter and Buchi Emecheta’s Second Class Citizen,
- to investigate the causes and its effects of female subjugation in the lives of African women,
- to identify and find out the solutions to above mentioned issues under investigation with particular reference to Senegal and Nigeria precisely.
1.6 Research Methodology
Mariama Ba’s So Long a Letter and Buchi Emecheta’s Second Class Citizen is used as the primary method in this research. The secondary method is the use of library, academic journals and internet for more information.
CONCLUSION
This research work has been able to analyse the effects of female subjugation in some female writers in Mariama Ba’s So Long a Letter and Buchi Emecheta’s Second Class Citizen. Men in Africa make women understand that they, the men, are the head of the family that is, they are superior to women. They see women as being weak and as a result, women have no say in the activities of the community.
Their works emphases how women for emancipation in the male dominated and patriarchal societies like Africa. For instance, Emecheta’s focus is on the emancipation and freedom of women from the shackles of men in the society. The desire to see the women as having the same right as male counterparts.
Also, possessing a strong will to survive and proffer solution to problems affecting their societies is also part of the focus of Emecheta’s writings.
It is therefore clear that, these feminist writers write to correct these issues of men domination and how they treat their wives shabbily. Nwapa in all her novels talks about childlessness in women and how these women are oppressed and dehumanized due to childlessness. While Emecheta writes about how to resist the male dominance by revealing the male characters of irresponsible husbands. Exploitative in-laws, women oppression and unnecessary dominance of the husband over his wife and all other sexist issues relevant to men’s world.
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