AVAILABILITY AND UTILIZATION OF COMPUTER-BASED RESOURCES AND BIOLOGY TEACHING IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS

AVAILABILITY AND UTILIZATION OF COMPUTER-BASED RESOURCES AND BIOLOGY TEACHING IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Contents                                                                      

Abstract                          –        –        –        –        –        –        –        v

Table of Contents            –        –        –        –        –        –        –        vi

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION

1.1     Background to the Study                    –        –        –        –        1

1.2     Statement of the Problem              –        –        –        –        4

1.3     Purpose of the Study                          –        –        –        –        5

1.4     Research Questions                            –        –        –        –        6

1.5     Significance of the Study                    –        –        –        –        6

1.6     Limitation of the Study                       –        –        –        –        7

1.7     Delimitation of the Study                    –        –        –        –        8

1.8     Operational Definition of Terms          –        –        –        –        8

CHAPTER TWO: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE        –        21

CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH METHOD

3.1     Area of the Study                                –        –        –        –        31

3.2     Research Design                                 –        –        –        –        32

3.3     Population of the Study                       –        –        –        –        32

3.4     Sample and Sampling Technique                  –        –        –        –        32

3.5     Instrument for Data Collection            –        –        –        –        33

3.6     Validation of the instrument(s)           –        –        –        –        34

3.7     Method of Data Collection                            –        –        –        –        34

3.8     Method of Data Analysis                     –        –        –        –        34

CHAPTER FOUR: DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

4.1     Presentation of Results             –        –        –        –        –        35

4.2     Discussion of the Findings                  –        –        –        –        –        42

CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY, RECOMMENDATIONS AND CONCLUSION

5.1     Summary              –        –        –        –        –        –        –        45

5.2     Recommendations           –        –        –        –        –        –        –        46

5.3     Conclusion            –        –        –        –        –        –        –        47

5.4     Suggestions for Further Studies                   –        –        –        –        48

References                      –        –        –        –        –        –        49

Appendix                         –        –        –        –        –        –        53

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1   Background to the Study

Since the inception of formal classroom based introduction, a fundamental aspect of teaching Biology has been the kind of resources adopted, and the way the teacher arranged the classroom environment. So that student can interact and learn effectively. The ability of existing educational approaches is to impact knowledge, skills and appropriate values to the young learners.

More so, in the teaching and learning of Biology in secondary schools, computer-based resources play a key role in promoting the intellectual and skills development of the students.

However, many of the productivity gains in the developed word including Nigeria economics over the past two decades are attributable to the impact of I.C.Ts, especially computers.

Moreover, information and communication technology have a direct role to play in teaching and learning of Biological concepts if appropriately used. Thus, can bring more benefit to the teachers and the students, as well as educational sector (Osodo, 2013).

Considering the assertion of Mkpolo and Bednarz (2014), computer based resources provides the Biology students new opportunities for teaching and learning. Including offering opportunity for more students centered teaching, opportunity to reach more learners. And greater opportunity for teacher to teachers and student to students communication and collaboration. Also, greater opportunities for multiple technologies delivered by teachers, creating motivation in learning amongst students and also offering access to wider range of courses.

According to Wabuyele (2015), computer has been identified as the most efficient stand alone technology, which is able to make teaching and learning of biology situation meaningful and fruitful than it has been before.

Again Arnong (2016) argue that many schools are facing escalating demand on access to finite computer resources; including computer suites and lack of access to computers at required time often discourage Biology teachers, as well as, the students from using computers.

Nevertheless, Alexander and Geissinger (2014) pointed out that they are relatively few opportunities for continuing professional development in the use of computers in teaching of Biology. By the way the definition, computer, according to Wersh (2013), is a tool, a vehicle for combining motor skills, language, images and symbolic manipulation through practical activities.

Thus, it helps learners of Biology to develop appropriate skill, current information, for better understanding of scientific concepts in the classroom of learning.

Similarly Nworgu and Dalal (2014), added that, the utilization of computer resources make the students to build their creative abilities, improve their self esteem and make them to be active participants in the classroom.

Atalonu (2015) supported that the availability and proper utilization of computer-base resource in teaching and learning of Biology in secondary schools will not only help the students to learn and retain information alone, but also have positive effect on students attitudes towards studying science subject.

Karper (2012) and Jenk (2014) remarked that, education is one of the most important elements responsible for the development of the society. Therefore, its adaptation to the changes brought about by today’s information age is very significant.

Similarly, Jegede (2015), confirms that in order for this adaptation to be successful, it is also very important to introduce the teaching models based on the use of information system resources.

More so, the instruction uses computer as an environment in which learning occurs, which enhance the learning period and students motivations, and can be useful for students because of their different learning speeds.

Many science teachers, educators and researchers have proposed to employ computer-based instructions in Biology teaching.

However, as pointed out by Handelsman and Basturk (2012), the availability and proper utilization of computer based resource in teaching and learning will promote participation among the teachers and the students as well as reduces the difficulties in the concept, thereby making the learning meaningful to the learners.

1.2   Statement of the Problem

Having realized that most students especially in some secondary schools across the state specifically in Nsit Ibom Local Government Area do not have access to computer based resources talk less of using it in the teaching and learning of Biological concept.

There are also some evidence of poor attainment in both teachers and the student in the subjects of external examination like WAEC and NECO over the years.

Nevertheless, although the condition under which the teaching and learning of Biology differ from time to time and from place to place, it does not foster the academic attainment.

In order to understand these conditions, we must understand the relation that holds between computer-based resources and teaching of Biology, so that any intelligent behaviour is possible. Based on these facts, therefore the researcher seeks to find out the availability and utilization of computer-based resources and biology teaching in secondary schools in Nsit Ibom Local Government Area of Akwa Ibom State.

1.3   Purpose of the Study

In general terms, the main purpose of the study is  to find out the availability and utilization of computer-based resources and biology teaching in secondary schools and whether they have been used in the teaching of Biology.

Specifically, the study intend to:

1. Find out the relationship between the availability of computer based resources and teaching of Biology in secondary schools.
2. Find out the relationship between the utilization of computer based resources by the teachers and teaching of Biology in secondary schools.

1.4    Significance of the Study

        The findings obtained in this study will be useful to the government, teachers, parents, schools, and students in the following ways:

It will enlighten the government on the need to equip school with adequate computer technology devices in order to make teaching and learning of Biology meaning to the students.

Also, the study will also help the educational administrators especially when making decision on issues relating to computer – based instruction.

It will also help the teachers on the needs for adequate selection of suitable resources that will stimulate teaching and learning of Biology.

Lastly, the study will serve as reference manual to future researchers on related topics.

1.5      Research Questions

              The following questions were asked in order to guide the study:

1. Are computer- based resources available in public secondary schools in Nsit Ibom Local Government Area?
2.   Are computer-based resource utilized by teachers in teaching Biological concepts in secondary schools in Nsit Ibom Local Government Area?

1.6    Delimitation of the Study

In order for easy conducting of the study, the research activities  was only restricted to an investigation into the influence of availability and utilization of computer- based resources in teaching and learning of Biology in secondary schools in Nsit Ibom Local Government Area.

Hence, only two variables were considered and the study area was restricted to only Nsit Ibom Local Government Area of Akwa Ibom State.

1.7     Limitation of the Study

In the cause of conducting the study, certain factors posed some significant obstacle to the success of this research, prominent among this factor were: insufficient time frame, lack of funds to purchase the whole materials needed in this research work, together with bad road network and poor weather conditions.

 1.8 Operational Definitions of Terms

Computer-based resources: These can simply refer to those resources such as internet which normally combine motor skills, language, images and symbolic manipulation through practical activities.

Availability: This is the presence of something, resources and equipment to carry out any operation.

Utilization: This is the usage of something, resources, and equipment in making any work or operation successful.

Biology: This is derived from two Greek words Bio, meaning life and Logos meaning to study. Therefore, Biology is the study of life, including plants and animals, and its natural environment.

Conclusion

Based on the data collected and the result of the findings. it can be concluded that:

1. Computer based resources for the teachings of Biology are not enough in secondary schools in Nsit Ibom Local Government Area.
2. Teachers make use of computer based resources when teaching Biology where they are available.

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Ikemesit

Ikemesit Akpan is my name. I am a Nigerian author. I work with projectboss.com.ng. I’m a researcher and a writer of academic research.

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